Funtions

1. Basic Function Syntax

Problem: Write a function to calculate and return the square of a number.

def square(numer):
    return numer ** 2

result = square(5)
print("Result:", result)
print(16)

2. Function with Multiple Parameters

Problem: Create a function that takes two numbers as parameters and returns their sum.

def add(numOne, numTwo):
    return numOne + numTwo

print(add(5, 5))

3. Polymorphism in Functions

Problem: Write a function multiply that multiplies two numbers, but can also accept and multiply strings.

def multiply(p1, p2):
    return p1 * p2

print(multiply(8, 5))
print(multiply('a', 5))
print(multiply(5, 'a'))

4. Function Returning Multiple Values

Problem: Create a function that returns both the area and circumference of a circle given its radius.

import math

def circle_stats(radius):
    area = math.pi * radius ** 2
    circumference = 2 * math.pi * radius
    return area, circumference

a, c = circle_stats(3)

print("Area: ", a, "Circumference: ", c)

5. Default Parameter Value

Problem: Write a function that greets a user. If no name is provided, it should greet with a default name.

def greet(name = "User"):
    return "Hello, " + name + " !"

print(greet("chai"))
print(greet())

6. Lambda Function

Problem: Create a lambda function to compute the cube of a number.

cube = lambda x: x ** 3
print(cube(3))

7. Function with *args

Problem: Write a function that takes variable number of arguments and returns their sum.

def sum_all(*args):
    print(args)
    for i in args:
        print(i * 2)
    return sum(args)

print(sum_all(1, 2, 4))

8. Function with **kwargs

Problem: Create a function that accepts any number of keyword arguments and prints them in the format key: value.

def print_kwargs(**kwargs):
    for key, value in kwargs.items():
        print(f"{key}: {value}")

print_kwargs(name="shaktimaan", power="lazer")
print_kwargs(name="shaktimaan")
print_kwargs(name="shaktimaan", power="lazer", enemy="Dr. Jackaal")

9. Generator Function with yield

Problem: Write a generator function that yields even numbers up to a specified limit.

def even_generator(limit):
    for i in range(2, limit + 1, 2):
        yield i

for num in even_generator(10):
    print(num)

10. Recursive Function

Problem: Create a recursive function to calculate the factorial of a number.

def factorial(n):
    if n == 0:
        return 1
    else:
        return n * factorial(n - 1)